Hydrolyzed protein diets are specialty pet foods in which the protein source has been broken down into the tiniest possible particles. 

These diets are created for pets with food allergies or gastrointestinal issues as an alternative option to novel protein diets. Since the protein particles in hydrolyzed diets are so small, the body’s immune system is less likely to recognize it during digestion, making allergic reactions less likely to occur.  

Most common type of hydrolyzed diet for dogs is made using single-source chicken protein; this can usually be fed to pets with known chicken allergies since the protein is broken down. Additional types of hydrolyzed diets are available for pets with severe chicken allergies or simply prefer a different flavor. These include salmon and soy-based diets.  

The most common proteins used in hydrolyzed cat food include soy, chicken, and salmon. Although wet hydrolyzed cat food is becoming increasingly available, dry kibble remains the primary form used in this specialty diet for cats. 

The vegetarian, soy protein diets are often used in food trials due to the complete lack of potential animal proteins. While they can be very effective in helping diagnose and manage food allergies, some pets may need some encouragement to transition to their new diet. Adding a spoon of pumpkin to the food (if approved by your vet) or simply soaking the food in warm water can help make this hydrolyzed diet more palatable for your pet.   

Hydrolyzed protein diets are typically only obtained with a prescription from a veterinarian due to their clinical importance in diagnosing and managing allergic and gastrointestinal conditions in pets. Be wary of any hydrolyzed protein diets that can be obtained without a prescription; instead, work closely with your veterinarian who will provide their professional recommendation on the best diet to help manage your pet’s condition. 

For dogs and cats with food allergies, finding a diet that does not spark symptoms may involve several diet trials. When comparing the use of novel vs. hydrolyzed protein diets, it simply comes down to the unique needs and reactions of your pet.  

For some pets, finding a novel protein diet that they do not react to can be quick and successful. For others, any form of animal-based protein causes flares in symptoms and a soy-based hydrolyzed protein diet is required.  

In short, there is no universal winner between novel and hydrolyzed protein diets, but there is a diet out there that will be the best choice for your unique pet and your veterinary team is here to help you find it! 

If you suspect your pet is suffering from food allergies, it is important that you work with your veterinarian, a veterinary dermatologist, and/or a veterinary nutritionist for the following reasons: 

1. Food allergies in pets present very similar symptoms to other health conditions 

While itching, dry skin, ear infections, and more dermatological issues are typical of food allergies in pets, these symptoms can also be caused by a parasite infestation, environmental allergies, or even a metabolic condition. To effectively treat and manage your pet’s symptoms long-term, the underlying cause must first be properly diagnosed by a veterinary professional. Your veterinary team has the advanced knowledge, experience, and diagnostic equipment needed to accurately make this diagnosis and create an appropriate treatment plan for your pet.  

2. Over-the-counter ‘hypoallergenic diets’ are not strictly regulated  

Pet food that can be bought without a prescription at your local pet store or through an online retailer does not undergo the same level of quality control or claim regulation as prescription diets obtained through your local vet. While an over-the-counter food may claim to be hypoallergenic in its packaging, these are often manufactured in the same facility as those containing many different potential allergens, creating opportunities for cross-contamination. 

Prescription diets purchased through your veterinarian or directly from the manufacturer are strictly regulated by the FDA to ensure clean production occurs and any/all health claims are accurate. 

3. Uncontrolled food allergies can cause long-term health problems for your pet 

While it can be tempting to skip the vet visit and try to manage your pet’s allergic symptoms yourself, without the help of a professional you may end up putting your companion through lots of avoidable pain and discomfort. Chronic ear infections are a common side effect of food allergies in dogs which, when not effectively treated, can put your pet at risk of irreversible hearing loss. By working with your veterinarian, you can ensure your pet’s current symptoms are being monitored while working towards long-term management of their allergies using a prescription diet.  

4. Managing food allergies can be a frustrating process! 

As noted above, finding a food that your allergic pet can tolerate can sometimes involve some trial and error. It’s easy to become disheartened, but with your pet’s veterinary team alongside you, a solution can be found to help your food-allergic pet live a long, happy, and comfortable life!